"Benjamin Franklin Randolph"(1820-October 16,1868)

Was an African American educator,an army chaplain during the Civil War,

and Methodist minister,newspaper editor,politician,and state senator in the early part of reconstruction era in South Carolina.Benjamin was selected to be one of the first African Americans Electors in the United States at the 1868 Republican National Convention,for the Ulysses Grant Republician presidential ticket.He also served as the chair of the state Republician Party Central Committee.He was a delegate to the 1868 South Carolina Consitutional Convention,where he played an important role in establishing the first universal public education system in the state,and in granting for the first time the right to vote to African American men and non-property owning white men.Benjamin was born in Kentucky,the third child of free African Americans.He moved with his family to Ohio as a child,where he attended school in Warren County.He enrolled in Oberlin Preparatory & Collegiate in 1854 matriculated at Oberlin College in 1857,studying in the Classics Department.In 1858,he moved to Buffalo,New York where he served as the principal of a public school for African American students.
In December 1863,he volunteered to serve in the Civil War for the Union,joining the 26th Regiment Infantry U.S. Colored Troops at Rikers Island New York,serving as its chaplain.As the only African American officer in the 26th,he received the Regimental banner from Vinicent Colyer at the unit's commissioning ceremony on March 27,1864.
The unit was deployed to Beaufort,South Carolina,in March 1864,was participated in actions at the Battle of John's Island in the first week of July,sustaining 97 casualities.The unit also fought at the Battle of Honey Hill,and the Battle of Tulifinny.As Chaplain,his duties included writing letters for members of the regiment and assisting the regimental hospital attendant,Noah Elliott,with care of the sick and wounded.The regiment was mustered out in South Carolina in South Carolina in August 1865.
After his union disbanded,Benjamin chose to remain in South Carolina during Reconstruction.He attended the Colored People's Convention in Charleston in 1865,subsequently joining the Freedmen's Bureau,serving as assistant superintendent for education in Charleston.In seeking a position with the Bureau,Benejamin had written:
I am desirous of obtaining a position among the freedmen where my qualifications and experience will admit of the most usefulness.I don't ask position or money.But I ask a place where I can be most useful to my race.My learning and long experience as a teacher a North,and my faithful services as Chaplain demand that I seek such a place.If you should obtain for me some responsibilities in the Freedmen's Bureau...you would never regret it.--B.F. Randolph.
As assistant superintendent,he established schools for freemen on various plantations around Charleston and secured teachers for them.Benjamin also toured established schools throughout the state to review their operations and ensure they were abeqautely staffed and supplied.Schools visited included those in Columbia,Camden,Darlington,Cheraw,and Marion South Carolina.
In February 1867,Benjamin,started the Charleston Advocate,a weekly newspaper for freedmen,co-founding it with Rev.E.J.Adams,and serving as its co-editor.In March 1867,Benjamin petitioned to and was accept on provisional basis by the South Carolina Mission Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church as a minister of their church.
he had trained as a minister in the Presbyterian Church in Ohio (Ohio School,Northern),but believed that he could be more effectively serve freedmen in South Carolina under the auspices of the M.E.church's Mission Conference.
In late 1867 Benjamin was elected as a delegate to the State Constitutitional Convention of 1868 under the Reconstruction Laws set by the U.S. Congress.At the Convention,he wrote the article that authorized the first system of free public education in the state.He also authored language granting for the first time the right to vote to landless men,both African American & white.Prior to 1868,landless,white men were disfranchised.He also successfully introduced an "equal protection clause,"regardless of race,consistent with the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution,which South Carolina,would ratify the following year.Subsequent to the Convention,Benjamin ran for the Orangeburg seat in the State Senate and was elected to a 4-year term.He was also selected by the Republican membership as chair of the Republican Central Committee for the state,was a delegate to the 1868 Republican National Convention which nominated Ulysses S.Grant for President,and was one of the nation's first African American Electors.As state and Republician committee officer,Benjamin traveled throughout the state to campaign on behalf of both state and national candidates.In October 1868 he conducted a train tour to the
upcountry region of South Carolina on behalf of the national Republican ticket (Benjamin was still in the beginning of his 4-year term as a state senator and was not standing for re-election ).He gave a campaign speech in Abbeville,South Carolina,on October 15.The next day he took a train for Anderson.While changing trains at Hodges' South Carolina,he was gunned down on the station platform by three white men.The attack occurred in broad daylight,with many witnesses,and the assailants mounted their horses and rode away without pursuit.The corner's inquest found that no attacker could be identified.Benjamin is buried in Columbia South Carolina,because it was felt that feelings ran too high in Charleston.A subsequent investigation by the state authorities resulted in a warrant being issued in Columbia for the arrest of David Wyatt Aiken.A former Confederate colonel and prominent planter who lived nearby in Cokesbury,David had publicly issued threats against Benjamin's life.Which had been reported by the federal military authority in the region.David was arrested by state constables on November 9,1868,and briefly detained on suspicion as an accessory before the fact,but was released on $ 5,000 bail on November 12,and was never brought to trial.David subsequently wrote an open letter to the state Governor,published in the Charleston Daily News on November 19,1868,disputing the authority of the state Constable to arrest him and claiming that he was feloniously incarcerated in Columbia for two days.
On December 23,1868,state constables arrested Fletcher Hodges of Hodges Station as an accessory to the murder of Benjamin.
He was also subsequently released and never brought to trial.There were again protest in the press that the State Constable lacked jurisdiction in Addeville County.
In 1870,Congress conducted a series of hearings with respect to the political situation in South Carolina under Reconstruction.Included in the committee report was the testimony of a man who came forward and confessed to involvement in the assassination,and who testified that he belonged to a group whose goal was "to kill out the leaders of the republican party and drive them out of the state." The committee taking testimony identified this
group as the Ku Klux Klan.The witness identified Col.Aiken as a leader in the community but did not tie him directly to the assassination,his implicate Fletcher Hodges.The witness listed in Congressional records as William Tolbert,had surrendered himself to a state constable and was held in the state penitentiary.Subsequent to his testimony,he disappeared from the jail,was declared to have escaped,was shot by a constable on December 3,1869,near Greenwood,South Carolina,a few miles from Hodges Station No one was ever brought to trial for his death.